Weight is what gravity does to an object. Gravity is the pull between any two objects that have mass. The more mass an object has, the more gravity pulls on it. The nearer two objects are, the more gravity pulls them together. Weight is measured in newtons (N), which is how much force there is.
Weight can be found by multiplying the mass of an object by how fast it falls because of gravity. The mass of an object is how much stuff it has, and it is measured in kilograms (kg). How fast an object falls because of gravity is how quickly it drops when nothing else pushes or pulls on it, and it is about 9.8 meters per second times itself (m/s^2) on Earth. The way to find weight is:
W = m g
where W is weight, m is mass, and g is how fast it falls because of gravity.
Weight is not the same as mass because weight changes with gravity, but mass does not. This means that the weight of an object can be different depending on where it is, but the mass of an object is always the same. For example, an object that has a mass of 10 kg will have a weight of 98 N on Earth, but only 16.5 N on the moon, because the moon has less gravity than Earth. But the mass of the object will still be 10 kg on both Earth and the moon.
Weight is also not the same as the apparent weight, which is the force that an object feels when something else holds it up. For example, when you stand on a scale, the scale pushes up on you with a force that is the same as your weight, and you feel this force as your apparent weight. But if you are in an elevator that is going up or down faster or slower, the scale will push up on you with a different force, and your apparent weight will be different from your real weight. Your apparent weight can also be zero if you are falling freely, which means that nothing else pushes or pulls on you except gravity.
Weight is an important idea in physics because it affects how objects move and how much energy they have. Weight is also connected to other forces, such as rubbing, pulling, and pushing, that act on objects that touch surfaces or strings. Weight can also be used to find the mass of an object by using a balance, which compares the weight of an object to a weight that we know.
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